What is meant by the term "compensating balance" in banking?

The term "compensating balance" refers to a portion of a borrower's deposit account that a lender requires to be maintained as a condition for extending credit or providing certain services. This balance is typically held in a checking or savings account and does not earn interest. By requiring a compensating balance, lenders ensure that they retain a certain amount of the borrower's funds while still allowing access to credit. This practice can be seen as a form of collateral for the loan, as it reduces the risk for the lender.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately describe the concept of a compensating balance. Fees for services rendered relate to charges a bank may levy for specific services provided, while a minimum balance to earn interest refers to account requirements to qualify for interest income, which is not the same as a compensating balance that is typically non-interest-bearing. Lastly, an account charged with overdraft fees refers to transactions exceeding available funds, which is unrelated to the purpose of maintaining a compensating balance.