What is true about countries maintaining multiple high-value payment systems (HVPS)?

The assertion that at least one of the high-value payment systems (HVPS) in a country is typically a real-time gross settlement (RTGS) system is accurate because RTGS systems are specifically designed to handle large sums of money that require immediate or real-time settlement. These systems are crucial for ensuring the rapid and secure transfer of funds between banks and financial institutions, particularly for high-value transactions.

In many countries, one primary reason for maintaining multiple HVPS is to serve various transactional needs and to ensure redundancy in payment systems. This means that while there may be several HVPSs, having an RTGS system is almost standard practice due to its efficiency and reliability in settling transactions instantaneously as they occur. Other HVPS types may include systems that settle net payments or those that operate on different processing schedules, but the presence of an RTGS system ensures that at least one option is providing the real-time capabilities necessary for high-value transactions.

The other choices do not reflect the operational realities of HVPSs, where having an RTGS is common for efficiency and immediate settlement. Often, HVPSs are designed to offer various service levels and functionalities to accommodate different payment needs within the financial system.