When are special measures not required for GDPR compliance?

The correct answer pertains to the concept of data transfer within the EU or EEA under GDPR regulations. When personal data is handled within the EU or European Economic Area (EEA), the GDPR provides a comprehensive framework for data protection that is uniformly applied, meaning that special measures for compliance are not necessary for such transfers. This is because the countries within these regions are recognized as having adequate levels of data protection, eliminating the need for additional safeguards that would typically be required for data being transferred to countries outside of the EU/EEA.

In contrast, options related to anonymization, marketing purposes, or archived data refer to different aspects of data processing. Anonymized data is not subject to GDPR as it cannot be linked back to an individual; therefore, compliance measures specific to GDPR are not applicable. For marketing activities, while personal data usage often must follow GDPR guidelines, there are specific conditions under which marketing can be lawful. Similarly, archived data may still require compliance measures depending on how that data can be accessed and whether it retains personal identifiers. Each of these areas involves different obligations under GDPR, whereas data transfers within the EU or EEA are inherently compliant without the need for additional special measures.